Gusobanukirwa Imirasire y'izuba itari munsi: Inzira yawe yo kwigenga

Mw'isi igenda yibanda ku buryo burambye no kwigenga kw’ingufu, imirasire y'izuba itari gride yabaye igisubizo gikunzwe kubashaka gutandukana n’amashanyarazi gakondo. Ariko mubyukuri ni ubuhe buryo buturuka ku mirasire y'izuba, kandi bukora bute? Iyi ngingo izakuyobora muburyo bwibanze, uhereye kubintu byingenzi kugeza kubibazo byubushakashatsi hamwe nintambwe zo kugera kubuzima butari bwiza.

Ni ubuhe buryo buturuka ku mirasire y'izuba?

Imirasire y'izuba itari gride nigisubizo cyingufu zishobora kugufasha kubyara amashanyarazi wigenga, udashingiye kumashanyarazi. Ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu turere twa kure aho guhuza umuyoboro bidashoboka cyangwa kubantu bashaka kwihaza mu gukoresha ingufu zabo.

Bitandukanye na sisitemu ihujwe na gride, igaburira imbaraga zirenze muri gride, sisitemu yo hanze ya gride ibika ingufu zose zidakoreshwa muri bateri kugirango ikoreshwe nyuma. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kugira imbaraga nubwo izuba ritaka, nko mwijoro cyangwa kumunsi wibicu.

Uburyo Off-Grid Solar Sisitemu ikora

Imirasire y'izuba itari grid ikora muguhindura urumuri rw'izuba mumashanyarazi ukoresheje imirasire y'izuba. Amashanyarazi yatanzwe noneho abikwa muri bateri kandi agacungwa na inverter, ihindura amashanyarazi ataziguye (DC) yakozwe na panne mumashanyarazi asimburana (AC) akoreshwa nibikoresho byinshi byo murugo.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize sisitemu ya Solar

Gusobanukirwa ibice bigize sisitemu yizuba ya gride ningirakamaro mugushiraho sisitemu yizewe kandi ikora neza. Buri gice kigira uruhare runini muguharanira ko urugo rwawe rufite amashanyarazi ahoraho.

Imirasire y'izuba

Imirasire y'izuba nigice cyamenyekanye cyane mumirasire y'izuba. Izi panne zifata urumuri rw'izuba zikayihindura amashanyarazi. Umubare nubushobozi bwibikoresho byawe bigena ingufu sisitemu yawe ishobora gutanga.

Batteri

Batteri nizo nkingi yumuriro wizuba utari gride. Babika amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kugirango ubashe kuyikoresha mugihe izuba ritaka. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa bateri ziboneka, hamwe na bateri ya lithium-ion niyo ikora neza kandi ikaramba.

Inverter

Inverter ishinzwe guhindura amashanyarazi ya DC yakozwe nizuba ryamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi ya AC, ashobora gukoreshwa mugukoresha ibikoresho byo murugo. Hatabayeho inverter, amashanyarazi akomoka kumirasire y'izuba ntabwo ashobora guhuza nibikoresho byo murugo.

Umugenzuzi

Umugenzuzi wamashanyarazi agenga voltage numuyoboro uva mumirasire yizuba kuri bateri. Iremeza ko bateri zashizwemo neza kandi zikababuza kurenza urugero, zishobora kubangiza.

Inzitizi mugushushanya izuba riva hanze

Gutegura imirasire y'izuba idafite amashanyarazi izana ibibazo byayo. Ibi birimo guhitamo ibice bikwiye, kwemeza guhuza hagati yabyo, no guhuza imbaraga zawe ukeneye udashingiye kuri gride.

Kwinjiza Inverters na Batteri

Kimwe mu bintu bigoye cyane byo gushushanya imirasire y'izuba itari gride ni uguhuza inverter na bateri neza. Ibi bice bigomba gukorera hamwe kugirango bitange ingufu zizewe.

Imbaraga za Tesla

Tesla's Powerwall ni amahitamo azwi kubafite amazu bashaka koroshya inzira yo kwishyira hamwe. Iki gisubizo-kimwe-kimwe gihuza bateri, inverter, hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu mubice bimwe, byorohereza kwishyiriraho no kugabanya ibikenerwa byinshi.

Powerwall yagenewe gukora ntakabuza imirasire yizuba, ibika ingufu zirenze zitangwa kumanywa kandi ikaboneka mugihe gikenewe. Ibi bigabanya ingorane zo kwishyiriraho kandi bigabanya ibyago byo guhuza ibibazo hagati yibice bitandukanye.

Sisitemu Yuzuye Sisitemu

Ubundi buryo bwiza bwo koroshya igishushanyo nogushiraho imirasire y'izuba itari gride ni sisitemu ihuriweho na OKEPS. Kimwe na Powerwall ya Tesla, OKEPS itanga igisubizo-kimwe-kimwe kirimo bateri, inverter, nibindi bikoresho bikenewe.

Kimwe mu byiza byingenzi bya sisitemu ya OKEPS nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho. Kuberako ibice byose byateguwe kugirango dukorere hamwe, inzira yo kwishyiriraho iroroshye, kandi harakenewe cyane gukemura ibibazo bihuza ibibazo. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu ya OKEPS izwiho kwizerwa no kuramba, bigatuma ihitamo rikomeye kubashaka gushora imari mu gihe kirekire.

Kubindi bisobanuro kuri sisitemu ihuriweho na OKEPS, reba urupapuro rwibicuruzwa birambuyehano.

Nigute wahitamo iburyo bwa Off-Grid Solar Sisitemu

Guhitamo iburyo bwizuba rya sisitemu ikubiyemo gusobanukirwa imbaraga zawe zikenewe, kumenya ingano ya sisitemu yawe, no guhitamo ibice bikwiye. Hasi, tuzaganira kubibazo bisanzwe, dutange formulaire yo kubara, kandi dutange gahunda zisabwa zagufasha gufata icyemezo cyiza.

Gusuzuma Urugo Rwawe Gukoresha Ingufu

Intambwe yambere muguhitamo imirasire yizuba itari nziza ni ukubara urugo rwawe rukoresha ingufu. Ibi bizaguha igitekerezo cyingufu sisitemu yawe ikeneye kubyara no kubika kugirango uhuze ibyo usabwa buri munsi.

Ikibazo Rusange: Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha ingufu murugo

Reka dusuzume urugo rusanzwe rutwara 30 kWt (kilowatt-amasaha) kumunsi. Uru rugo rushobora kugira ibikoresho bisanzwe nka firigo, imashini imesa, amatara, na televiziyo.

Imibare yo Kubara: Gukoresha Ingufu Zumunsi

Kubara ingufu zawe za buri munsi:

$\text{Amafaranga yose akoreshwa buri munsi (kWh)}=\text{Igiteranyo cyo gukoresha ingufu za buri gikoresho (kWh)}$

Urugero:

• Firigo: 1.5 kWt / kumunsi
• Imashini imesa: 0.5 kWh / gukoresha, ikoreshwa inshuro 3 mu cyumweru =0.5 × 37 = 0.21 \ frac {0.5 \ inshuro 3} {7} = 0.2170.5×3?=0.21kWt / umunsi
• Amatara: 0,6 kWt / umunsi
• TV: 0.3 kWt / kumunsi

Igiteranyo:$1.5+0.21+0.6+0.3=2.61$kWh / umunsi kuri ibi bikoresho gusa.

Ariko, niba wongeyeho ubushyuhe, gukonjesha, nibindi bikoresho, urashobora kugera ku kigereranyo cya 30 kWh / kumunsi.

Guhitamo Ububiko bwa Batiri bukwiye

Umaze guhitamo gukoresha ingufu zawe za buri munsi, intambwe ikurikira ni uguhitamo ububiko bwa batiri neza. Ubushobozi bwa bateri bugomba kuba bunini bihagije kugirango bubike ingufu muminsi iyo hari izuba rike.

Urubanza Rusange: Iminsi 2-3 yo Kwigenga

Kugirango umenye amashanyarazi yizewe, cyane cyane mugihe cyizuba ryinshi ryizuba, icyifuzo rusange nukugereranya ububiko bwa bateri yawe muminsi 2-3 yubwigenge (umubare wumunsi bateri ishobora gutanga amashanyarazi utabonye ibitekerezo bivuye mumirasire yizuba).

Imibare yo Kubara: Ubushobozi bwa Bateri (kWh)

$\text{Ubushobozi bwa Bateri (kWh)}=\text{Imikoreshereze ya buri munsi (kWh)}\times \text{Iminsi Yigenga}$

Kurugo ukoresha 30 kWh / kumunsi hamwe niminsi 2 yubwigenge:

$\text{Ubushobozi bwa Bateri}=30\text{kWt / umunsi}\times 2\text{iminsi}=60\text{kWh}$

Basabwe Gahunda ya Bateri

Kurugero rwavuzwe haruguru, hashobora gusabwa banki ya batiri ya lithium-ion ifite ubushobozi bwa 60 kWh. Niba uhisemo Powerwall ya Tesla, ifite ubushobozi bwa 13.5 kWh kuri buri gice, wakenera hafi ibice 5:

Umubare wa Powerwalls = 60 kWh13.5 kWh / unit≈4.4 ibice \ inyandiko {Umubare wa Powerwalls} = \ frac {60 \ inyandiko {kWh}} {13.5 \ inyandiko {kWh / ubumwe}} \ hafi 4.4 \ inyandiko {ibice}Umubare wa Powerwalls=13.5kWt / ubumwe60kWh?≈4.4ibice

Rero, 5 Powerwalls yatanga ububiko bukenewe.

Kugena Urugo Rwawe Ibisabwa Byinshi Byingufu

Ni ngombwa kandi gutekereza ku mbaraga zo hejuru urugo rwawe rushobora gukuramo umwanya uwariwo wose, cyane cyane mugihe ibikoresho byinshi-wattage bikoreshwa icyarimwe.

Urubanza Rusange: Gukoresha icyarimwe Ibikoresho

Kurugero, niba ukoresha icyuma gikonjesha (3.500 watt), firigo (800 watt), hamwe na microwave (1200 watt) icyarimwe, imbaraga zawe zisabwa zaba:

$\text{Imbaraga zo hejuru (W)}=3500\text{IN}+800\text{IN}+1200\text{IN}=5,500\text{IN}$

Ingano ya Inverter Ingano

Inverter yawe igomba kuba ishobora gutwara iyi mitwaro. Inverter ya 6 kW yaba ihitamo neza muriki gihe kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo byinshi.

Gusuzuma Umwanya Uhari Kuri Solar Panel

Intambwe ikurikiraho ni ugusuzuma umwanya uhari wo gushiraho imirasire y'izuba no kumenya umubare ukeneye kugirango ubyare ingufu zihagije.

Urubanza Rusange: Kugabanya Umwanya wo hejuru

Reka dufate ko igisenge cyawe gifite metero kare 300 z'umwanya ushobora gukoreshwa, kandi urateganya gukoresha imirasire y'izuba isanzwe itanga watts hafi 350 kandi ikapima metero kare 17.5.

Ibiharuro byo kubara: Umubare wibibaho

Umubare w'Inama Umunsi (kWh)}}Umubare w'Inama=Ingufu zakozwe kuri Panel kumunsi (kWh)Imikoreshereze ya buri munsi (kWh)?

Kubara ingufu zakozwe kuri buri kibaho:

1. Fata amasaha 5 yumucyo wizuba kumunsi.
2. Buri tsinda rya 350W ritanga$350\text{IN}\times 5\text{amasaha}=1.75\text{kWt / umunsi}$.

Niba ukeneye 30 kWt / kumunsi:

Umubare wibibaho = 30 kWh1.75 kWh / panel≈17.1 paneli \ inyandiko {Umubare wibibaho} = \ frac {30 \ inyandiko {kWh}Umubare w'Inama=1.75kWh / akanama30kWh?≈17.1Ikibaho

Hamwe na panne 17, washobora gukenera ingufu zawe, kandi ibi bisaba hafi$17\times 17.5\text{metero kare}=297.5\text{metero kare}$, gusa mumwanya wawe uhari.

Ibitekerezo hamwe nibisabwa byanyuma

Urubanza Rusange: Ingengo yimari ningirakamaro

Kuringaniza ibiciro nibikorwa neza ni ngombwa. Kurugero, paneli ikora neza (nkiyiva muri SunPower) irashobora kugura byinshi ariko bisaba umwanya muto. Ibinyuranye, guhitamo paneli ihendutse birashobora gusaba umwanya munini cyangwa panne nyinshi kugirango uhuze imbaraga zawe.

Gahunda Yasabwe

Ku rugo ukoresha 30 kWt / kumunsi:

• Ububiko bwa Batiri: 60 kWh yo kubika, urugero, 5 Tesla Powerwalls.
• Imirasire y'izuba: Ibibaho 17 bya 350W buri kimwe, bisaba metero kare 300.
• Inverter: 6 kW inverter kugirango ikemure ingufu zisabwa.
• Igiciro: Bigereranijwe hafi $ 40,000 kugeza $ 50.000 kuri sisitemu yuzuye, bitewe nubwiza bwibigize hamwe nigiciro cyo kwishyiriraho.

Sisitemu yatanga imbaraga zihagije kumiryango myinshi isanzwe, ikemeza ko no mugihe cyizuba ryinshi, ufite ingufu zihagije zibitswe.