Ho utloisisa Off-Grid Solar Systems: Tsela ea Hao ea Boipuso ba Matla

Lefatšeng le ntseng le tsepamisitse maikutlo holim'a ts'ebetso le boikemelo ba matla, lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse kantle ho grid li fetohile tharollo e tsebahalang bakeng sa ba batlang ho itokolla mehloling ea khale ea matla. Empa hantle-ntle setsi sa letsatsi se kantle ho grid ke eng, hona se sebetsa joang? Sengoliloeng sena se tla u tataisa ho latela lintlha tsa motheo, ho tloha ho likarolo tsa bohlokoa ho isa ho liqholotso tsa moralo le mehato ea ho fihlela mokhoa oa ho phela ntle le gridi ka botlalo.

Sistimi ea letsatsi ea Off-Grid ke Eng?

Setsi sa letsatsi se se nang marang-rang ke tharollo ea matla e tsosolositsoeng e u lumellang hore u hlahise motlakase ka bolokolohi, ntle le ho itšetleha ka marang-rang a matla. Mofuta ona oa tsamaiso o molemo ka ho khetheha libakeng tse ka thōko moo ho hokahanya le marang-rang ho ke keng ha khoneha kapa ho batho ba batlang ho iphelisa ka ho sebelisa matla a bona.

Ho fapana le litsamaiso tse tlameletsoeng ka marang-rang, tse fepelang matla a mangata ka har'a marang-rang, sistimi ea off-grid e boloka matla leha e le afe a sa sebelisoeng ka har'a libeteri hore a sebelisoe hamorao. Sena se bolela hore o ka ba le matla le ha letsatsi le sa chabe, joalo ka bosiu kapa ka matsatsi a maru.

Kamoo Litsamaiso tsa Solar tse Off-grid li Sebetsang Kateng

Lits'ebetso tsa solar tse kantle ho grid li sebetsa ka ho fetola khanya ea letsatsi hore e be motlakase ka liphanele tsa letsatsi. Motlakase o hlahisoang o bolokoa ka libeteri ebe o laoloa ke inverter, e fetolang motlakase o tobileng (DC) o hlahisoang ke liphanele ho ea hona joale (AC) e sebelisoang ke lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa ntlo.

Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Sisteme ea Letsatsi e Ntle ho Grid

Ho utloisisa likarolo tsa tsamaiso ea lipolanete tse kantle ho grid ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho theha sistimi e tšepahalang le e sebetsang hantle. Karolo ka 'ngoe e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore lehae la hau le na le phepelo e tsitsitseng ea motlakase.

Liphanele tsa letsatsi

Liphanele tsa letsatsi ke karolo e tsebahalang ka ho fetesisa ea sistimi efe kapa efe ea letsatsi. Liphanele tsena li hapa khanya ea letsatsi ebe li e fetola motlakase. Palo le bokhoni ba liphanele tsa hau li bontša hore na sistimi ea hau e ka hlahisa matla a makae.

Libetri

Libetri ke mokokotlo oa sistimi ea solar e kantle ho grid. Ba boloka motlakase o hlahisoang ke liphanele tsa letsatsi e le hore u ka o sebelisa ha letsatsi le sa chabele. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea libeteri tse fumanehang, 'me libeteri tsa lithium-ion ke tsona tse sebetsang hantle le tse tšoarellang nako e telele.

Inverter

Inverter e na le boikarabello ba ho fetola motlakase oa DC o hlahisoang ke liphanele tsa letsatsi hore e be motlakase oa AC, o ka sebelisoang ho matlafatsa lisebelisoa tsa hau tsa lapeng. Ntle le inverter, motlakase o hlahisoang ke liphanele tsa letsatsi o ne o ke ke oa lumellana le lisebelisoa tsa ntlo ea hau.

Molaoli oa Tefiso

Molaoli oa tefiso o laola motlakase le motlakase o tsoang ho liphanele tsa letsatsi ho ea ho libeteri. E etsa bonnete ba hore libetri li tjhajiloe hantle le ho li thibela ho lefisoa, e leng se ka li senyang.

Mathata a ho Rala Sisteme ea Letsatsi e Ntle ho Grid

Ho theha sistimi ea lipolanete tse kantle ho grid ho tla le liphephetso tsa eona. Tsena li kenyelletsa ho khetha likarolo tse nepahetseng, ho netefatsa ho lumellana pakeng tsa tsona, le ho finyella litlhoko tsa hau tsa matla ntle le ho itšetleha ka marang-rang.

Ho kopanya li-inverters le libeteri

E 'ngoe ea lintlha tse thata ka ho fetisisa tsa ho rala sistimi ea letsatsi e kantle ho grid ke ho kopanya inverter le libeteri ka nepo. Likarolo tsena li tlameha ho sebetsa 'moho ntle le moroallo ho fana ka phepelo ea matla e tšepahalang.

Powerwall ea Tesla

Tesla's Powerwall ke khetho e tsebahalang bakeng sa beng ba matlo ba batlang ho nolofatsa mokhoa oa ho kopanya. Tharollo ena ea tsohle-in-one e kopanya tsamaiso ea betri, inverter, le tsamaiso ea matla hore e be yuniti e le 'ngoe, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho kenya le ho fokotsa tlhokahalo ea likarolo tse ngata.

Powerwall e etselitsoe ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o sa tsitsang ka liphanele tsa letsatsi, ho boloka matla a mangata a hlahisoang mots'ehare le ho etsa hore a fumanehe ha ho hlokahala. Sena se fokotsa ho rarahana ha ho kenya le ho fokotsa kotsi ea mathata a ho lumellana pakeng tsa likarolo tse fapaneng.

Litsamaiso tse Kopantsoeng tsa OKEPS

Kgetho e 'ngoe e ntle haholo ea ho nolofatsa moralo le ho kenya sistimi ea solar e kantle ho grid ke sistimi e kopaneng ea OKEPS. Joalo ka Powerwall ea Tesla, OKEPS e fana ka tharollo ea tsohle ka bonngoe e kenyelletsang betri, inverter le likarolo tse ling tse hlokahalang.

E 'ngoe ea melemo ea mantlha ea litsamaiso tsa OKEPS ke boiketlo ba tsona ba ho kenya. Hobane likarolo tsohle li etselitsoe ho sebetsa 'moho, ts'ebetso ea ho kenya e otlolohile, 'me ha ho na tlhokahalo e fokolang ea mathata a ho lumellana le mathata. Ho feta moo, litsamaiso tsa OKEPS li tsebahala ka ho ts'epahala le ho tšoarella ha tsona, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e tiileng bakeng sa ba batlang ho tsetela tharollong ea nako e telele e kantle ho grid.

Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi mabapi le litsamaiso tse kopaneng tsa OKEPS, sheba leqephe la bona le felletseng la sehlahisoaMona.

Mokhoa oa ho khetha Sisteme ea Solar e Ntle ho Grid

Ho khetha sistimi e nepahetseng ea letsatsi ho kenyelletsa ho utloisisa litlhoko tsa hau tsa matla, ho fumana boholo bo nepahetseng ba sistimi ea hau, le ho khetha likarolo tse loketseng. Ka tlase, re tla tšohla linyeoe tse tloaelehileng, re fane ka liforomo tsa lipalo, 'me re fane ka merero e khothaletsoang ho u thusa ho etsa qeto e nepahetseng.

Ho Lekola Tšebeliso ea Matla a Lehae la Hao

Mohato oa pele oa ho khetha sistimi e nepahetseng ea letsatsi e kantle ho grid ke ho bala matla a sebelisoang lapeng la hau. Sena se tla u fa leseli la hore na sistimi ea hau e hloka matla a makae ho hlahisa le ho boloka ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.

Taba e Tloaelehileng: Karolelano ea Tšebeliso ea Matla a Malapeng

Ha re nahaneng ka lelapa le tloaelehileng le sebelisang 30 kWh (lihora tsa kilowatt) ka letsatsi. Lelapa lena le ka ’na la ba le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tse kang sehatsetsi, mochini o hlatsoang liaparo, mabone le thelevishene.

Mokhoa oa Palo: Tšebeliso ea Matla a Letsatsi le Letsatsi

Ho bala tšebeliso ea matla a letsatsi le letsatsi:

$\text{Kakaretso ea Tšebeliso ea Matla ka Letsatsi (kWh)}=\text{Kakaretso ea Tšebeliso ea Matla ea Sesebediswa ka seng (kWh)}$

Ka mohlala:

• Sehatsetsi: 1.5 kWh/ka letsatsi
• Mochini oa ho hlatsoa: 0.5 kWh / tšebeliso, e sebelisoang ka makhetlo a 3 ka beke =0.5×37=0.21\frac{0.5 \makhetlo 3}{7} = 0.2170.5×3.=0.21kWh/letsatsi
• Lebone0.6 kWh/ka letsatsi
• TV0.3 kWh/ka letsatsi

Kakaretso:$1.5+0.21+0.6+0.3=2.61$kWh/letsatsi bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsena feela.

Leha ho le joalo, haeba u eketsa ho futhumatsa, ho pholisa, le lisebelisoa tse ling, u ka 'na ua fihla ho karolelano ea 30 kWh / letsatsi.

Ho Khetha Sebaka se nepahetseng sa Battery

Hang ha u se u entse qeto ea tšebeliso ea hau ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea matla, mohato o latelang ke ho khetha polokelo e nepahetseng ea betri. Bokhoni ba betri bo tlameha ho ba boholo bo lekaneng ho boloka matla ka matsatsi ao khanya ea letsatsi e leng nyane.

Nyeoe e Tloaelehileng: Matsatsi a 2-3 a Boipuso

Ho etsa bonnete ba hore o na le matla a ts'eptjoang, haholo-holo nakong ea khanya ea letsatsi e fokolang, tlhahiso e tloaelehileng ke ho eketsa boholo ba polokelo ea betri ea hau bakeng sa matsatsi a 2-3 a boipuso (palo ea matsatsi ao betri e ka fanang ka eona ka matla ntle le ho fumana tlhahiso ho tsoa liphanele tsa letsatsi).

Foromo ea Palo: Bokhoni ba Betri (kWh)

$\text{Bokhoni ba Betri (kWh)}=\text{Tšebeliso ea Matla a Letsatsi le Letsatsi (kWh)}\times \text{Matsatsi a Boipuso}$

Bakeng sa lelapa le sebelisang 30 kWh / letsatsi le matsatsi a 2 a boipuso:

$\text{Bokhoni ba Battery}=30\text{kWh/letsatsi}\times 2\text{matsatsi}=60\text{kWh}$

Re khothalelitsoe Battery Plan

Bakeng sa mohlala o ka holimo, ho ka khothaletsoa banka ea betri ea lithium-ion e nang le kakaretso ea 60 kWh. Haeba u khetha Powerwall ea Tesla, e nang le matla a 13.5 kWh ka yuniti e 'ngoe, u tla hloka li-unit tse ka bang 5:

Nomoro ea Powerwalls=60 kWh13.5 kWh/unit≈4.4 units\text{Palo ea Powerwall} = \frac{60 \text{kWh}}{13.5 \text{ kWh/unit}} \approx 4.4 \text{ units}Palo ea Powerwalls=13.5kWh/yuniti60kWh.≈4.4diyuniti

Kahoo, li-Powerwall tse 5 li ne li tla fana ka polokelo e hlokahalang.

Ho Ikhethela Tlhokahalo ea Matla a Maholimo a Lehae la Hau

Ho bohlokoa hape ho nahana ka matla a maholo ao lelapa la hau le ka a sebelisang ka nako efe kapa efe, haholo ha lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tsa motlakase o phahameng li sebelisoa ka nako e le ngoe.

Taba e Tloaelehileng: Tšebeliso ea Ka nako e le 'Ngoe ea Lisebelisoa

Mohlala, haeba u sebelisa sepholisa moea (3,500 watts), sehatsetsi (800 watts), le microwave (1,200 watts) ka nako e le 'ngoe, tlhokeho ea hau ea mantlha ea matla e tla ba:

$\text{Peak Power (W)}=3500\text{IN}+800\text{IN}+1200\text{IN}=5,500\text{IN}$

E khothalelitsoe boholo ba Inverter

Inverter ea hau e lokela ho khona ho sebetsana le mojaro ona o phahameng. Inverter ea 6 kW e ka ba khetho e nepahetseng tabeng ena ho amohela tlhoko ea tlhoro.

Ho Lekola Sebaka se Teng sa Liphanele tsa Solar

Mohato o latelang ke ho hlahloba sebaka se teng bakeng sa ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le ho fumana hore na u hloka likarolo tse kae ho hlahisa matla a lekaneng.

Taba e Tloaelehileng: Moeli oa Sebaka sa marulelo

Ha re nke hore marulelo a hau a na le sebaka sa lisekoere-mithara tse 300, 'me u rera ho sebelisa liphanele tse tloaelehileng tsa letsatsi tse hlahisang li-watts tse ka bang 350 e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe 'me li lekanya ho pota 17.5 square feet.

Kemiso ea Palo: Palo ea Liphanele

Nomoro ea Liphanele=Tšebeliso ea Matla ka Letsatsi (kWh)E Hlahisoang ka Phanele ka Letsatsi (kWh)\text{Palo ea Liphanele} = \frac{\text{Daily Energy Consumption (kWh)}}{\text{Energy e Hlahisoa ka Phanele ka Letsatsi (kWh)}}Palo ea Liphanele=Matla a Hlahisang Phanele ka Letsatsi (kWh)Tšebeliso ea Matla a Letsatsi le Letsatsi (kWh).

Ho bala matla a hlahisoang ka phanele:

1. Nka lihora tse 5 tsa letsatsi le phahameng ka ho fetisisa ka letsatsi.
2. Phanele e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea 350W e hlahisa$350\text{IN}\times 5\text{lihora}=1.75\text{kWh/letsatsi}$.

Haeba o hloka 30 kWh / letsatsi:

Nomoro ea Liphanele=30 kWh1.75 kWh/panel≈17.1 liphanele\text{Palo ea Liphanele} = \frac{30\text{kWh}}{1.75 \text{ kWh/panel}} \approx 17.1 \text{ panels}Palo ea Liphanele=1.75kWh/phanele30kWh.≈17.1diphanele

Ka liphanele tse 17, u tla koahela litlhoko tsa hau tsa matla, 'me sena se tla hloka hoo e ka bang$17\times 17.5\text{maoto a lisekoere}=297.5\text{maoto a lisekoere}$, ka har'a sebaka sa hau sa marulelo se fumanehang.

Litšenyehelo le Keletso ea ho Qetela

Taba e Tloaelehileng: Budget vs. Effective

Ho leka-lekanya litšenyehelo le katleho ke ntho ea bohlokoa. Mohlala, liphanele tse sebetsang hantle haholoanyane (joalo ka tsa SunPower) li ka bitsa chelete e ngata empa li hloka sebaka se senyane. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho khetha liphanele tse theko e tlase ho ka hloka sebaka se eketsehileng kapa liphanele tse ngata ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau tsa matla.

Recommended Moralo

Bakeng sa lelapa le sebelisang 30 kWh / letsatsi:

• Polokelo ea Battery: 60 kWh ea polokelo, mohlala, 5 Tesla Powerwalls.
• Liphanele tsa letsatsi: Liphanele tse 17 tsa 350W ka 'ngoe, tse hlokang sebaka sa lisekoere-mithara tse 300.
• Inverter: 6 kW inverter ho sebetsana le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa matla.
• Litšenyehelo: Ho hakanngoa ho pota $40,000 ho $50,000 bakeng sa tsamaiso e feletseng, ho itšetlehile ka boleng ba likarolo le litšenyehelo tsa ho kenya.

Sistimi ena e tla fana ka matla a lekaneng bakeng sa malapa a mangata a tloaelehileng, ho etsa bonnete ba hore esita le linakong tsa letsatsi le tlaase, u na le matla a lekaneng a bolokiloeng.